With eighteen different voltaic couples, by rise of temperature from
60 deg. to 160 deg. F., the electromotive force in twelve cases was increased,
and in six decreased, and the average proportions of increase for the
eighteen instances was 0.10 volt for the 100 deg. F. of elevation.
A great difference in chemical composition of the liquid was attended
by a considerable change in the order of the volta-tension series, and
the differences of such order in two similar liquids, such as
solutions of hydric chloride and potassic chloride, were much greater
than those produced in either of those liquids by a difference of 100 deg.
F. of temperature. Difference of strength of solution, like difference
of composition or of temperature, altered the order of such series
with nearly every liquid; and the amount of such alteration by an
increase of four or five times in the strength of the liquid was
rather less than that caused by a difference of 100 deg. F. of
temperature. While also a variation of strength of liquid caused only
a moderate amount of change of order in the volta-tension series, it
produced more than three times that amount of change in the
thermo-electric tension series.
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